Differences between hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus in three hospitals in Cameroon: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors & Affiliations
Clovis Nkoke, Ryan Awa, Teuwafeu Denis, Leslie Tasha Mbapah, Simeon Pierre Choukem
📖 Abstract Content
Diabetes and hypertension commonly coexist and may worsen cardiovascular risk and clinical outcomes.
To compare hypertensive diabetics and non-hypertensive diabetics attending outpatient clinics and identify factors associated with hypertension among diabetic patients.
We conducted a cross-sectional study among 339 ambulatory adults with DM attending three referral hospitals in Cameroon between November 2023 and April 2024.
Hypertensive participants were older than non-hypertensive participants(64.36 vs 56.48 years; p<0.001). Females accounted for a larger proportion of the hypertensive group than the non-hypertensive group(74.7% vs 57.8%; p=0.001). Hypertensive diabetics had a longer median duration of diabetes (6 [IQR 2-11] vs 5 [IQR 2-8] years; p=0.002) and larger waist circumference (96.49 cm vs 93.83 cm; p=0.003), dyslipidemia(28.3% vs 7.5%, p=<0.001), diabetic peripheral neuropathy(8.4% vs 1.7%; p=0.005) compared to non-hypertensives. On multivariable regression analysis, older age(aOR=1.07, CI: 1.04-1.10, p<0.001), female sex (aOR=2.37, CI: 1.36-4.13, p=0.002), waist circumference(aOR=1.05, CI: 1.01-1.09, p=0.023), dyslipidemia(aOR=4.74, CI:2.27-9.91, p<0.001), and peripheral neuropathy and/or diabetic retinopathy(aOR=5.69, CI:1.52-21.31,p=0.010) were independent predictors of hypertension
Conclusion These findings highlight the need for routine blood pressure screening and aggressive cardiometabolic risk reduction, particularly in older women with central obesity and evidence of diabetic complications
