RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIFESTYLE BEHAVIOURS AND BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL AMONG TREATED HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN NIGERIA: A PILOT STUDY
Authors & Affiliations
Quadri Erinjogunola1,Yuh Nabi Ida1, Oladimeji Adebayo1,2, Anu Makinde1,2, Omokorede Oluwafikunmi Ademowo-Olusanya1, Olanike Allison Orimolade2,3, Veronica Obasuyi4, Olumuyiwa Folayan5, Temilade Adeyanju2,3, Akinyemi Aje2, Abiodun Adeoye1,2,3 Adewole Adebiyi2,3, Okechukwu S Ogah2,3, Olulola O Oladapo1,2,3 ,Samuel Omokhodion1,5 Authorsβ institutional affiliations 1. Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria 2. Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria 3. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
π Abstract Content
Optimal blood pressure control remains suboptimal despite effective antihypertensive therapy. We investigated the association between lifestyle behaviours, medication adherence, and blood pressure control among treated hypertensive patients in Nigeria
This cross-sectional pilot analysis included 99 treated hypertensive patients with complete repeat blood pressure readings. Controlled blood pressure was defined as mean systolic <140 mmHg and diastolic <90 mmHg. Lifestyle behaviours (discretionary salt use, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, alcohol use, stress, diet quality) and a four-item medication-adherence score were assessed by structured questionnaire. Multivariable linear and logistic regression identified factors independently associated with blood pressure control.
Participants with complete repeat blood pressure measurements were analysed (mean age 61.5Β±10.3 years; 74.7% female). Blood pressure was controlled in 58.6% of participants. In multivariable linear regression, increasing medication adherence was independently associated with lower systolic (Ξ²=-4.71 mmHg per point, p=0.013) and diastolic blood pressure (Ξ²=-4.56 mmHg, p=0.001), while older age predicted higher systolic blood pressure (Ξ²=0.40 mmHg/year, p=0.028). Logistic regression showed female sex (adjusted OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.13β10.88), higher medication adherence (adjusted OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.14β3.15), and self-rated diet quality were independently associated with blood pressure control.
Medication adherence emerged as the strongest modifiable determinant of blood pressure control, independently predicting lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and higher odds of achieving treatment targets. Interventions that strengthen adherence, particularly among older adults and men, may substantially improve hypertension control in Nigerian clinical practice.
